Intro to Messy Play: Painting with Shaving Cream

If you have a kiddo who is hesitant to dip their little fingers into messy sensory materials, or even outright HATES it, try giving them a tool such as a paintbrush or spoon. This will allow them to engage with the tactile media without actually having to touch it. It also serves as a nice introduction to messy play! Then as the child becomes more comfortable engaging in sensory play with the tool, she can gradually begin to explore the messy stuff on her own terms, when she feels ready.

When it comes to messy play, shaving cream is perhaps the most classic medium used by pediatric occupational therapists. Some kids LOVE the stuff and could bathe in it from head to toe every day if their mommies let them (like the kids in this picture). Others, like those mentioned above, probably wish it was buried in a deep dark cave far, far away.

So what do we do? Give ‘em a tool!

Introduce kids to messy play by painting with shaving cream. Especially good for those with tactile defensiveness who don't like to get messy.

My toddler son got to try this activity last week since he’s still not so sure about things that are goopy or foamy. All we needed was a baking sheet, some old paintbrushes, a big piece of paper (bought a whole pad from the dollar store for future projects!), and three drops of food coloring.

I squirted the cream onto the pan, showed him how I swirled in the food coloring, and then demonstrated how to brush, brush, brush! on the paper since he was a little nervous about it at first. But once he saw that it was okay and we could sing fun songs while we brushed, he reached for a brush and joined right in! He remained engaged in this process for about five minutes before he decided he was all done. It was a good start!

Introduce kids to messy play by painting with shaving cream. Especially good for those with tactile defensiveness who don't like to get messy. As mentioned previously, if you have a child who is nervous about or avoidant of tactile sensory experiences like this one, don’t force them to touch it or “just be fine” with it. Gauge their comfort level, offer demonstration and gentle encouragement, allow them to watch peers or siblings engage with it while positively reinforcing them for doing so (but DON’T punish or shame the one who doesn’t engage), sing songs or count or rhyme while doing it, make shapes and faces and sound effects as appropriate, and provide plenty of opportunities for exposure over time. Make it fun! Praise them when they try it and allow them to wipe their hands or take a break when they need to in order to keep it as positive an experience as possible.

Introduce kids to messy play by painting with shaving cream. Especially good for those with tactile defensiveness who don't like to get messy.  Have fun!

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How to Sneak Fine Motor Skills into Gross Motor Play

Welcome to One Thing Thursday, where we share one thing you can do to boost your child’s development!

. . . . .

Parents and teachers often ask me how they can incorporate more fine motor practice into their child’s or student’s day.

Well, try this one thing:
Sneak fine motor practice into their gross motor play!

Many kiddos I work with struggle to sit still, focus, or follow adult-directed tasks, and their fine motor development suffers as a result. That’s why they’re getting OT! Asking them to sit at a table and transfer color-coded clothespins from one paper plate to another for a few minutes? Forget about it! Not gonna work for these movers and wigglers.

When many of my kiddos participate in a gross motor obstacle course at the beginning of their session, I usually make sure to include a fine motor station. This allows me to “chunk” the fine motor activity into smaller pieces in order to facilitate things such as improved attention to task, decreased frustration, and improved overall success with the activity. Plus the other gross motor stuff often serves as a positive reinforcer for them so they know that as soon as they finish their fine motor station (as much as they may hate it), they’ll be able to go do all that fun stuff again! Don’t get me wrong — the ultimate goal is to improve their attention and skill in the fine motor department and eventually get them comfortable and functional working at tabletop. But we’ve gotta meet kids where they’re at if we want to help them move forward. And, hey, we want it to be FUN!!

Don’t forget that fine motor development requires a stable “base”, which means kids need a strong set of abs, back/side muscles, neck muscles, and shoulders to support the development of refined skills in the hands and fingers. So, really, kids are working on the foundations of fine motor development even when they engage in gross motor play. It’s a win-win!

Below is one example of a fine motor/gross motor obstacle course several of my preschool students recently completed during individual school-based sessions.

OC 1

The obstacle course included the following stations:
1. Climb up the tall side of the blue blocks
Fine Motor Relation: Upper body/core strength; bonus of working on motor planning for those who struggle with it
2. Swing on trapeze and kick down foam blocks
Fine Motor Relation: Hand, forearm, and shoulder strength to hang; core strength to lift legs and kick; bonus of working on attention, timing, and providing vestibular input while swinging
3. Jump on trampoline
Fine Motor Relation: Core strength; neck strength; shoulder and wrist stability if holding therapist’s hands and bearing weight down into them while jumping; bonus of providing proprioceptive and vestibular input to calm and focus the mover or alert the sluggish child
4. Crawl through tunnel
Fine Motor Relation: Shoulder and wrist stability; neck strength; bonus of working on motor planning and bilateral coordination for those who struggle with it
5. Sit on hippity hop ball while using tongs or kiddie chopsticks to place all poms of one color into bucket (Find 50 ways to play with tongs by clicking here, and one tip for facilitating good grasp on tongs here.)
Fine Motor Relation: Hand and finger strengthening; practicing grasp pattern for crayon, pencil, or scissors; core stability while sitting on ball; bonus of providing vestibular input if bouncing and challenging visual scanning and discrimination to find desired color
6. Re-set foam blocks for trapeze by setting them up so they are lined up evenly spaced next to each other and “sit” just above the little white line (just like letters when they are written on paper)
Fine Motor Relation: Upper body strength to lift blocks; bonus of working on motor planning to raise them up and visual perception to accurately place them next to each other and on the line
*Repeat obstacle course until all colors of poms have been placed in the bucket while using the tongs. This means they get to go around the obstacle course four or five times, depending on how many colors of poms are included. It also provides a natural ending point for the obstacle course and eases the transition for many students because they know it’s “all done” when there are no more poms left. Minimizing tantrums during transitions is always good!

Don’t you wish you got to do this when you were in preschool?!

OC 4OC 2 OC 3Some other good fine motor or pre-writing activities to incorporate into obstacle courses for young ones include lacing beads, pushing puff balls into small holes, placing toothpicks into the small holes of a spice container, operating shape sorters or puzzles with pegs, assembling Mr. Potato Head, or building Mat Man one body part at a time as they go around (see short video of kids building Mat Man by clicking here).

So the next time you think there’s no way you can possibly get your kiddo to work on fine motor skills, or you think you just don’t have time for it, remember this! Squeeze fine motor practice into their gross motor play and you might just be surprised at how effective it is. Let your child be your guide when it comes to the appropriate level of fine motor challenge. Have fun!

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iPad App for Fine Motor Skills: Dexteria

There are a TON of apps out there that claim to be educational in some way, but are there apps that are designed by experts to specifically help fine motor skills?

Yes!

Dexteria fine motor app

Dexteria is an app that was designed in consultation with licensed Occupational Therapists to help develop fine motor skills, dexterity, and handwriting readiness in children and adults. It contains three “games” that are actually therapeutic hand exercises: Tap It, Pinch It, and Write It. I’ve used all three games over the course of the past month or so with kiddos in the clinic and in schools, and here’s what I think about each:

Tap It
photo (3)How it works
: User calibrates hand size on the screen, then must keep their thumb on the “anchor” button while following visual prompts to tap their fingers on the corresponding marks. Higher levels require greater speed, accuracy, and the use of several fingers at once. It’s kind of like Guitar Hero meets iPad (except without the cool music).
photo (2)Who it’s appropriate for: Older kids who have the ability to follow directions and coordinate the use of their fingers to at least attempt the first few levels
Who I’ve used it with: Older elementary students with learning disabilities, visual motor impairments, and high functioning autism
Skills addressed: Dexterity, coordination, visual perception/motor, attention, impulse control, timing, sequencing, proprioceptive processing (body awareness)
What to use it for: General dexterity, preparing students for typing, informally evaluating whether students have coordination and dexterity required for typing
Suggestions/critiques: Difficult to see the targets since user’s fingers block the view of them; I wish user could select which level they wanted start on; best to use on full-size iPad to accommodate hand size

Pinch It
photo (4)
How it works: User “pinches” crabs using index finger and thumb to make them disappear. Crabs are stationary in lower levels, begin to move around in mid-levels, turn red and multiply if pinched when red in higher levels, and move extremely rapidly while also turning red in highest levels. Quite an adrenaline rush!
Who it’s appropriate for: Kids who can utilize two photo (5)fingers to pinch and can at least imitate demonstration of how to pinch crabs
Who I’ve used it with: Students preschool-aged and older who are non-verbal or carry labels of autism, fine motor delay, visual motor impairment, learning disability
Skills addressed: Pincer as pre-requisite for pencil grasp, visual perception/motor, visual scanning, visual discrimination, attention, timing, impulse control, auditory processing (crabs make “crunching” noise when pinched and bother some students, child can adjust volume to appropriate level depending on sensitivity)
What to use it for: Fine motor warm-up, preparing students for pencil grasp, reinforcer/preferred activity during sessions
Suggestions/critiques: Make sure students curl their last three fingers (middle, ring, and pinky figners) into their palm while pinching rather than splaying them out; have them hold a small marble or crumpled piece of tissue under the last three fingers to help with this; try using iPad chopsticks to pinch crabs and promote more advanced fine motor skills; I wish user could select which level they wanted to start on

Write It
photo (6)
How it works: User can select upper case, lower case, or numbers to trace. Arrows indicate where to start and which direction to go for each step of the number or letter being traced. Dots sit along the tracing path and “ding” as they are touched. A warning noise sounds if the user goes outside the path. Any letter or number can be selected at any time. Pretty straight forward!
photo (7)Who it’s appropriate for: Children who are able to visually attend to the task (whether sitting, standing, or lying on their belly), isolate their index finger, and control their hand enough to trace the path
Who I’ve used it with: Students preschool-aged and older who are non-verbal or carry labels of autism, fine motor delay, visual motor impairment, learning disability
Skills addressed: Isolating index finger, visual motor integration, visual attention, appropriate starting position, sequencing, directionality (like b/d, p/q), pencil grasp (if using a stylus), auditory processing (sound effects bother some students, child can adjust volume to appropriate level depending on sensitivity)
What to use it for: Pre-writing warm-up, introduction to letters and numbers
Suggestions/critiques: Use an iPad stylus to practice pencil grasp (can even place an adaptive pencil grip on stylus); introduce capital letters before lowercase letters (capitals are developmentally easier for children to learn first); go back and forth between tracing on iPad and practicing pre-writing using real life manipulatives (e.g., writing in play dough, shaving cream, sand trays, or using crayons on paper); I wish user could adjust the width of letters and numbers (or work up to harder levels) to make it easier or more challenging

In general I have found the Dexteria fine motor app to be extremely useful in the clinic and school-based settings. I’ve seen that kids are naturally drawn to technology, so introducing fine motor activities on the iPad is a great way to get them engaged in fine motor work prior to doing so in “real life”. Touch screen technology shouldn’t serve as a replacement for working with hands-on manipulatives, so keep it up with the play dough, shaving cream, scissors, and tongs!

The Dexteria app for fine motor skills is made for iPhone and iPad (though I strongly recommend using on an iPad) and can be purchased for $3.99.

A few more perks of this app: You can email a student’s results to any email address (such as the child’s teacher or occupational therapist) to keep track of how they’re doing. Plus if you purchase the $3.99 upgrade you are then able to save multiple users’ info and data– this is HUGELY valuable for tracking students’ progress!

I hope you’ll get a chance to try out Dexteria with your child. Be sure to use it in combination with real life fine motor and sensory experiences for maximal developmental benefits!

*I received a complimentary single-user version of Dexteria in order to review it. However, all opinions expressed are totally and completely my own. 

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An Appreciation of Occupational Therapists {Guest Post}

Please join me in welcoming Melissa Castino Reid as MamaOT’s newest guest blogger. When Melissa first shared her daughter Rachel’s story with me several months ago, I was moved beyond words. I signed up to join her “Bus of Hope” and have been following their journey ever since. I hope her story, struggle, and triumph will inspire, inform, and move you the way it has me.

. . . . .

In the summer of 2011, my beautiful, healthy daughter, Rachel, suffered a pair of strokes thanks to E. Coli at the tender age of four and a half. In order to walk, talk, and recapture her gross and fine motor skills once more, rehabilitation therapy has been a part of our new normal. In our journey as a family, a few things are quite clear: the parents and therapists are advocates, and we must work together actively and honestly if we hope to see our patient thrive and achieve comprehensive progress.

After the strokes hit, and Rachel’s condition stabilized, we moved from Children’s Hospital to Gillette Rehabilitation Center, located inside Regions Hospital in St. Paul, MN. I had never witnessed therapists first hand. They can be a unique brand of ingenuity, intellect, and inspiration. And most therapists who work with children know that fun has to be central to what is done in the sessions. I have a deep respect for Rachel’s main occupational therapists Lisa, Karen, and Leah. They have been powerfully instrumental in aiding Rachel in her recovery process.

The strokes left tremendous tone (spasticity) in both arms. I had no notion of what we had to do to get my daughter’s arms and hands working again. I’m sure I thought that a simple surgery would “make it all better.” Instead, I met Rachel’s first occupational therapist, Lisa, within the first week of living at Gillette. With her wide smile, blond hair, and twinkling eyes, she wanted Rachel to do one thing: push a button. That’s all. She accomplished this goal in about a month. Lisa also helped Rachel work on trunk control as she got her to lean on a bench, getting her hands to open and close as she played with shaving cream. From the start, all the therapists noted how hard Rachel worked, but like everything, she had good days and bad.

Stroke or traumatic brain injury recovery is laborious for the patient, but it’s not exactly easy for the family either. I always remember the joy I felt when I watched Rachel attain a goal, but I also won’t soon forget the fear that welled up inside if I didn’t see progress. One day, Rachel wasn’t pushing that button at all, and I had to step away and find a corner of the gym to let the tears fall. Lisa watched me walk away, carried on with Rachel as if nothing was wrong, and smiled at both of us with encouragement. I just wanted my healthy kid back so badly.

Lisa comforted me when the session was over. She and other therapists made it clear to me that I couldn’t measure success in increments of days. I had to widen the length to weeks, if not months. As a parent, standing at the bottom of grief’s mountain, I surely didn’t want to accept this. It meant that I had to be more patient than I already was. Guess what? My patience was shaky after nearly losing her.

But I needed these therapists on my side, so I listened to every word they said, sometimes smiling, sometimes crying. Another occupational therapist, Karen, was listening to my take on Rachel’s recovery, as I was learning how to gauge success, and she told me another thing I didn’t want to consider at the time: take pictures. My daughter’s face was so vacant since the strokes, so taking pictures was the last thing on my list. But over time, my cell phone camera captured the light returning in her eyes, ever slowly. With these pictures, I now have a way of measuring how much progress Rachel has made, trading shade for sunlit possibilities for my girl’s future.

After spending four months living inside a hospital, we left Gillette Rehabilitation Center in October of 2011. At that point in her recovery, her legs were moving just a bit, she verbalized here and there, but no words, and both her arms were tight and spastic, with her hands quite fisted. We were discharged to Gillette’s outpatient clinic in Minnetonka, and the slow recovery continued. Enter Leah, our new OT gal.

Leah was new on the scene, recently hired on. With her thin frame, long brown hair, and almond eyes, she is very comfortable in her surroundings for such a newbie. And while she’s young, I must confess she’s wiser than most her age. She took on Rachel with all her knowledge, all her curiosity, and all her Midwestern heart. We started where Lisa and Karen left off, helping Rachel to learn how to move the arms and hands to perform tasks. I shall never forget a moment with Leah early on where I was flexing my newly-formed advocate muscles.

We were talking about goals for Rachel, and at the beginning of our transition to Minnetonka, I was sensing this hesitation to push my daughter. In retrospect, all the therapists were probably trying to plot out a plan of action as they sized up their newest kiddo. So Leah asked me questions about specifics, and I think I was getting a little impatient because I was spitting out my answers.

“So what is your hope with this therapy? What do you expect?” Leah asked, looking at me directly.

“I expect a full recovery,” I said, with my palms up. “Yeah, a full recovery.” The silence after only punctuated the pull of war between us. I’m a hopeful parent; she’s a well-schooled, new employee, navigating the uncertain waters of this patient’s future. Who’s right? Who’s wrong? Or isn’t that what this is about?

After that conversation, all the therapists seemed to fall into sync, and Rachel’s recovery continued to take root in the new locale. Did that happen because I spoke truthfully and clearly what I wanted? Maybe. Or was this falling-into-rhythm thing going to happen in any case? Perhaps.

As parents of kids who require therapy, we must be clear in our expectations without being overbearing. And I’ve learned that therapists and parents must be honest about what we see in the present and the future. I’m sure that Leah swallows hard when I say to her, “I want Rachel to play baseball again with me,” smiling still as she taps it into her laptop. I have learned to be (more) patient, but I also never stop asking questions, halting a conversation with my raised hand, asking for clarity. As a result, I am able to create goals with their knowledge in my head, using it as a guide.

Currently, the left arm is almost fully functional. For now, the goal in occupational therapy is to put the left hand to work while engaging the (spastic) right hand whenever possible. For example, we are getting Rachel to use the left hand to hold and make marks with crayons and markers, feed herself with forks and spoons, and navigate her speech tablet. We ask Rachel to stretch out the right arm multiple times throughout the day. I (or my mom or my husband) often reach for her right hand and extend it fully, holding it for five to ten seconds. Sometimes, I will crank it like it is a well, asking if water will come out of her armpits. This gets a big laugh.

Another thing I’ve done is gone back to playing board games with Rachel. I had trouble with doing it at first. Again, I wanted the full, healthy girl to move her own game pieces, but she isn’t quite ready to do this yet. One of the therapists along the way suggested that I move the game pieces for her, still playing the game. I wonder if I wallowed in my sadness too long, sometimes, but then I just look at Rachel and say, “Wanna play Candy Land?” A big smile spreads across her face like a bursting sunrise. Lately, she is able to pick out her own game piece and place it at the start of the game. She can point at the gumdrop and candy cane on the board. All of this points to progress.

As we begin the new year, I can’t help but dream about the warmth of summer, picnics with Rachel, and a game of catch with a whiffle ball. Better yet, I can’t wait to go on walks, holding her hand as we stroll. My dreams may not come true as soon as I want them to, but therapists like Lisa, Karen, and Leah have taught me the virtues of patience and new measurements of progress.

If Rachel continues on this path with our help as parents and therapists, I believe a full recovery is possible.

. . . . .

"An Appreciation of Occupational Therapists". One mother's perspective on OT after her four-year-old daughter suffered two strokes and has been working hard toward recovery ever since. Melissa Castino Reid is a community college English teacher, mother, wife, and writer. She has written for the Star Tribune, Pioneer Press, Minnesota English Journal, and Hearing Magazine. She keeps an online journal about her daughter’s recovery from stroke called the Bus of Hope. In her spare time, she loves to read, spend time with family, and go for walks. Her new addiction is running and sugar free Red Bull. If you would like to read more about Rachel’s recovery, read Melissa’s blog at www.busofhope.org or send her an email at mcastino@hotmail.com and ask to be placed on the Bus of Hope. 

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Valentine’s Day Fine Motor Craft

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Valentine’s Day is less than a month away and many classrooms have already traded in winter themes for heart-shaped crafts and activities. Here’s a simple heart-centered fine motor activity I have done with some students recently to target their goal areas while also giving them a chance to make something they can bring home to their parents. I’ve also included suggestions for adaptations in case you want to work on additional skills or change things up a bit.

Materials needed:
♥ Red and pink construction paper (one sheet of each)
♥ Marker for adult to draw lines and dots
♥ Kid-friendly scissors
♥ Glue stick
♥ Short red crayon
♥ Bottle of squeeze glue
♥ Red tissue paper

Appropriate age level:
♥ Preschool and above

Skills challenged:
♥ Cutting, coloring, pasting, gluing, crumpling
♥ Fine motor strength and dexterity
♥ Bilateral coordination (coordinating the use of two hands)
♥ Visual motor skills (hand-eye coordination)
♥ Visual perceptual skills (scanning, tracking)
♥ Overall attention
♥ Sequencing steps
♥ Sensory processing (grading pressure, touching glue)
♥ Crayon/pencil grasp

Step 1:
Give child a piece of red construction paper folded in half and prepped with half a heart for them to cut out. The thicker the paper, the more strength required to cut it, and the more sensory feedback provided to the child’s hand and arm while cutting.

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Step 2:
Have child cut out the half a heart. They can either cut on the line or, if that’s too hard for them, you can draw a “road” for them to cut on so they just have to try and stay in the general vicinity of the line. The road visual seems to really help kiddos who either have poor visual attention to regular lines or who are highly perfectionistic and tend to meltdown if they don’t cut absolutely perfectly on the line. If the road isn’t enough of a visual prompt to guide their cutting, try using play dough or Wiki Stix as a physical boundary for their road.

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Step 3:
Have the child open up the heart, paste the back of it with a glue stick, and mount it on the sheet of pink construction paper. Be sure they are extending that index finger to pinch and control the glue stick (rather than tucking it in and using their knuckle to hold it). Encourage them to hold the glue stick like a pencil as much as possible (pinching between thumb and index finger while resting it on the middle finger) rather than grabbing it with their fist or somehow holding it with all their fingers.

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Step 4:
Have the child color the heart with a short red crayon. The short crayon encourages them to pinch it with a tripod grasp as pictured below, with thumb and index finger controlling the crayon while the “web space” (that fleshy part between those two finger joints) remains open in an “O” shape. If they have a hard time coloring only on the heart, you can again try using play dough or Wiki Stix as a physical boundary to help them color inside the lines. And if you have a child who could use a little extra sensory input while coloring the large heart, you can always place a sheet of sandpaper (found at most home improvement stores) or plastic embroidery canvas (found at most craft stores) under the paper to provide some additional resistance and vibration to the hand and fingers. It should make a pretty cool pattern as well!

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Step 5:
Draw dots all over the heart to indicate where the child will dot their glue. You can either draw all the dots at once and cover the entire heart, or you can only give them a few to do at a time. It all depends on the child’s attention and visual processing skills. The more dots you give them to do at once, the greater the challenge as they must visually scan and attend to all the dots until they finish them. Or instead of randomly placing dots on the heart, you can intentionally draw them so the student must glue top to bottom, left to right, just like we want them to do when they are learning to form their capital letters! When I work one-on-one with students, I like to give them 3 or 5 or 10 dots at a time and then see how they respond. It’s a nice challenge not only for their visual perceptual and hand-eye coordination skills, but also for their fine motor skills as they must twist open the glue bottle and then “grade” their pressure so they squeeze it just enough to get the glue out but not so much that they drown the poor dot.

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

Step 6:
Time to crumple some tissue paper! Give the student squares of red tissue paper that are about one- to two-inch squares so they are just large enough to crumple into tiny balls and press onto the glue. Up the challenge by having students tear the tissue paper themselves. Show them how to crumple the tissue paper using both hands together or, if they’re really good, ask them if they can crumple it using only one hand (pictured below)! Depending on how they do it, this challenges their bilateral hand skills as well as their fine motor dexterity and the strength of those tiny muscles in the fingers and hands.The more paper to crumple, the more practice those little hands get! And, much like when they had to search for the dots during the gluing phase, the student must continue to visually scan across the heart to find every last dot of glue.

Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft Valentine's Day Fine Motor Craft

While some children may only be able to realistically cover their heart with ten or so pieces of tissue paper, others may want or be able to cover virtually the entire heart. Feel free to challenge your kiddos as much as you think they can handle with this Valentine’s Day craft. You don’t want to bore them with a totally easy project, but you also don’t want to push them so hard that they just shut down because the challenge is too great. Some may need a visual model of a completed project in order to really get a sense of what they’re working on. Adapt and modify as necessary so they can be successful. Happy Valentine’s Day!

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Use a Pullover Bib to Practice Pre-Dressing Skills

 Use a pullover bib to practice pre-dressing skills. So simple!

Yesterday morning my 17-month-old son was wearing a pullover bib (something I had never heard of until my mother-in-law gave us one) and, all of a sudden, he pulled it up and over his head just like he was taking off a shirt. As soon as I saw him do this, a light bulb went off in my OT head and I thought, Aha! What a perfect way to teach kids to pull a shirt up and over their head! Check out the video below to see what I mean (please excuse the mess!).

We pediatric occupational therapists often work on self-care skills with young children who struggle with them, including tasks such as feeding, grooming, and dressing. I’ll be honest, teaching kids pre-dressing skills such as learning to take off their shirt is not my favorite goal to work on in therapy because it can be really, really tough! For kids who have developmental delays, language delays, attention difficulties, or overall difficulties with coordination, sequencing, and body awareness, taking off or putting on a shirt probably feels like trying to wrestle an octopus. They can barely see what they’re doing and there are a lot of parts to keep straight — literally.

But by giving them a pullover bib (which can also be used as a pretend superhero cape!), you are naturally breaking it down into simpler parts so they can be successful one step at a time. Brilliant! And I have to say, just a few hours after I took this video, my son all of a sudden started trying to pull off his own shirt…it really works! Pullover bibs can be found for purchase online by clicking here.

Has anyone else tried this before? What are other ways you’ve learned to help children to learn to put on or take off a shirt? I’ve tried using visuals, including this one, but I don’t feel like they’ve been too effective. Please share your wisdom with us all!

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Hide Puzzle Pieces to Promote Fine Motor Skills {Photo Friday}

Welcome to Photo Friday, a place where I share photos of therapeutic tools and ideas that can help boost your child’s development. Please give me feedback on my ideas — I love hearing how they go over with other kids!

. . . . .

Looking for a way to make puzzle time more engaging and challenging for both you and your toddler? Try hiding the puzzle pieces in a pillow case or small box with a lid.

IMG_4966 TEXTIMG_4972 text

By hiding the puzzle pieces partly or fully from sight, you are kicking puzzle time up a notch by challenging your child’s tactile perception, tactile discrimination, and visual memory skills.

  • Tactile perception is challenged when your child reaches into the container without looking, and he must feel around to locate the puzzle pieces.
  • Tactile discrimination is challenged when he begins to feel around and try to identify the differences (a.k.a., “discriminate” the differences in shape, size, etc.) between puzzle pieces without looking. For example, the elephant piece is kind of round and fat, while the giraffe piece is relatively tall and skinny, and he must be able to remember and identify all of that through touch alone. Tactile discrimination is a HUGELY important part of the development of fine motor skills such as fastening buttons, coloring, and writing.
  • Visual memory is challenged when you ask your little one to “Find the elephant.” He must remember what the elephant looks like in order to know whether or not he found the matching piece once he pulls it out.

As we played this game earlier this week, my 16-month-old correctly selected seven out of eight puzzle pieces from the box or bag. At first I thought he was just lucky, but then he kept getting them right! You might be amazed at how proficient your toddler is at this challenge…I know I was.

You could increase this challenge for preschoolers and older by placing the puzzle pieces in a bucket filled with dry rice, beans, or pasta and then burying them so they are partly or fully out of sight. This challenges their tactile discrimination skills even further and is great for both the child who is sensitive to touch input as well as the child who craves it.

Try it out and have fun!

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Holiday Survival Tips for Families of Children with Special Needs

The holiday season is often filled with shopping, unique food, and special time spent with distant loved ones. For many families, this is no big deal — chaotic, but manageable. But for families of children with autism and/or special sensory needs (especially sensory sensitivities), these events may often be met with dread, stress, and major meltdowns.

children with special needs

Here are some tips for helping children with special needs survive the holidays:

1. Minimize kids’ time spent in stores and malls. It’s a jungle out there right now — stressed out crowds, lots of overwhelming sounds, weird smells, long lines, and more kid-tempting merchandise than any other time of year. If at all possible, avoid sensory overload and leave the kids at home or with a sitter while you do your shopping. You could devote one entire day to getting all your in-store stuff done. Or, better yet, do your shopping online. There’s still time to ship before the holiday and you can avoid the madness. If you’re looking for kiddie gift ideas, check out MamaOT’s list of Holiday Gift Ideas for babies, toddlers, and preschoolers. And if you’re not sure what to get for the child with special sensory needs, check out this great list of holiday gift ideas from AbbyPediatricOT.

2. Prep your kids. All the people and events involved in holiday festivities can be overwhelming for kids in general, but this is especially true for kids with autism/sensory difficulties. One of the best things you can do is prep them for what to expect. You can familiarize them with who they will see by going through photos with them online (yay, Facebook) or creating a special photo book (nothing fancy) so they can look through it with you in prep for the big day. You can make your own version of a Social Story by helping your child put together a basic book (pieces of paper stapled together) with stick figures and descriptions of what will or may happen in different aspects of the upcoming festivities. If you’ll be traveling a long distance, you can prep them for what will be involved with transportation and include that in your social story (going to the gas station, standing in line, security checks, special seat belts, cabin pressure, loud railroad noises, etc.). The more you can prep them for what’s to come, the better.

3. Prep your family. If you’ll be spending time with family and loved ones who may not be in the loop with your child’s needs, you may want to fill them in a bit so they know what to expect and won’t be offended if little Johnny cries when Aunt Marge tries to give him a big hug and kiss or sweet Susie won’t eat Grandma’s homemade ham. This can be a touchy subject for some families, especially if they don’t feel comfortable letting others know their young child has a diagnosis yet (such as autism). Only share as much as you are comfortable. All you need to say is that Johnny is more comfortable with high fives than hugs and kisses (which you know is due to tactile sensitivities), or Susie is still learning how to try new foods (which you know is due to oral sensitivities), and leave it at that. But please make sure you communicate something so your sweet family gathering doesn’t turn into a day of raised eyebrows and hurt feelings.

4. Maintain routines. Many children with autism/sensory challenges have major difficulties when it comes to change, especially changes in routine, diet, or sleep schedule. Their bodies and brains often don’t adapt as well, and this may result in over-arousal, disorganized behavior, increased sensory seeking/avoiding behaviors, and/or meltdowns. If your child is one who heavily relies on routines to maintain their sense of organization and emotional regulation, then you know what I mean. So amidst all the school plays, errands, and travels, try your very best to keep your most critical routines as much the same as possible. If your child follows a special sensory diet created by an occupational therapist, then make sure he or she is engaging in those special sensory activities as regularly as possible in order to maintain their level of physical and emotional regulation.

5. Maintain diet. I mentioned diet in the previous point, but it’s so important that I’m giving it its own section. Food fuels our bodies and our brains. Some bodies and brains can continue to function in an optimal (if not slightly hyper or lethargic) level despite temporary changes in diet such as increased sugar, fat, red food dyes, wheat, or carbonation. Other bodies, however, get totally thrown off kilter when holiday foods are introduced, and it can put kids with sensory challenges into a whole new level of struggle. You know your child and what his or her tolerance is to changes in diet, so it’s ultimately up to you on how to navigate the holiday offerings of cookies, fudge, marshmallows, candy canes, etc. But just be aware that holiday foods have the potential to greatly influence and alter a child’s ability to function in their day-to-day, especially if they have special sensory or dietary needs.

6. Bring your own food. If you know food will be an issue for your child, consider providing food you know he or she will eat. Loud, stressful holiday family gatherings are NOT the time to try and introduce new foods to your selective eater. This is why it’s important to at least minimally prep your family in advance of mealtime, so they won’t make a big fuss about why your child isn’t eating what everyone else is eating. If they’re eating chicken nuggets while everyone else is enjoying prime rib and mashed potatoes with gravy, that’s fine! Again, you know your child best, so do what you think will work. But please don’t stress about how they will respond to all those new foods. They don’t have to eat them.

7. Make a plan for “escape”. What are you going to do if and when your child has had enough sensory input for one day and is teetering on the point of meltdown (or has already zoomed past that point into total meltdown)? If you know where you will be on the big day, try to create a “safe space” where your child can retreat before he or she gets to the point of explosion. It could be a spare bedroom with video games/movies, a small tent or fort with pillows/blankets/preferred toys, or even the car or garage. Or on the opposite end of the spectrum, what are you going to do if your sensory seeker has been cooped up in a car or airplane and is now expected to sit still as a guest in someone’s house all day. Not gonna happen! Try to find ways to give your seeker opportunities for vestibular input (spinning, swinging), proprioception/heavy work (running, crashing, carrying heavy things), and/or tactile experiences (play dough, fidget toys) before they end up in trouble. Like I said, the more communication you can have with family in advance, the better chance you have at successfully navigating your time together.

8. Have a support team. Enlist at least one other person or family to be on your “team” during your gathering. This could simply be someone who makes sure the “safe space” is all ready to go, or it could be an adult or older kid whom your child trusts and is able to hang out with while you try to eat and socialize. Whatever you do, don’t do it alone!

There are so many aspects of the holiday season that can be difficult for families of children with special needs that I couldn’t possibly cover all of them in one post. So please visit these other helpful links on similar topics if you are looking for more information:

Happy holidays to you and your family!

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Reindeer Fine Motor Craft {Photo Friday}

Welcome to Photo Friday, a place where I share photos of therapeutic tools and ideas that can help boost your child’s development. Please give me feedback on my ideas — I love hearing how they go over with other kids!

. . . . .

fine motor

For preschoolers and Kindergarteners who need to work on cutting and fine motor skills, try this simple reindeer craft. Since the body and head are oval-shaped, they serve as a nice transition from learning to cut straight lines to learning to cut circles (since two of the sides are relatively flat). You can pre-cut the antlers if you know your student will struggle so much with them that it will cause extreme frustration. You can also draw a small circle on white paper for the child to color first (coloring smaller shapes requires more fine motor precision), then cut, then glue on as a nose. They can even cut out or draw on a face if they want.

Ask questions about all the different body parts needed (yes, even a neck!), ask about what the body parts are for (be prepared for some funny answers), and then you can even sing the “Mat Man” song from Handwriting Without Tears after each set of body parts has been glued on with the glue stick. Just replace the name “Mat Man” with “Rudolph” and you’re good to go! I also did this with the Santa fine motor craft from last week and it served as a great bridge to review what the students had learned previously (Mat Man) and apply it to a new context (different character). If you’re not sure what the Mat Man song is, it’s a great tool for teaching body awareness and spatial orientation necessary for pre-writing skills. Check it out by clicking here.

Have fun creating reindeer crafts!

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Santa Fine Motor Craft {Photo Friday}

Welcome to Photo Friday, a place where I share photos of therapeutic tools and ideas that can help boost your child’s development. Please give me feedback on my ideas — I love hearing how they go over with other kids!

. . . . .

fine motor

The Christmas season is in the air and, even though it’s not even December yet, classrooms are already filling with Christmas crafts.

For kiddos who need work on fine motor skills — especially cutting — try this basic Santa craft with card stock or construction paper. All it takes is to cut out one circle and some short, straight lines (which I know is still tough for a lot of little ones who receive OT). Use tape or glue to attach the appropriate body parts and provide the “just right” amount of assistance so the child is challenged enough to learn but not enough to become super frustrated.

This is a great activity for working on fine motor (obviously), visual motor (hand-eye coordination), sequencing (follow in order step-by-step), and body awareness skills (organizing body parts). It’s ideal for preschoolers and kindergarteners. Kids can draw a face, punch a hole at the top, and add a ribbon or hook to make their very own ornament!

fine motor

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